Lynbrook | New Hyde Park | NY

strength training

Strength Training for “Weight Loss”

Most people look to the scale in order to assess their fitness or see results from exercise. However, body weight is NOT an accurate measure of physical fitness. The number on the scale does not necessarily relate to your exercise performance. “Weight loss” is in quotations because it is possible for you to achieve your appearance and performance goals without significantly changing the numbers on the scale.

With that being said, body composition measurements, lean body mass (muscle) and body fat percentage, are better
indicators of one’s progress. Decreasing the percentage of body fat should be the main focus, as opposed to overall weight loss; and strength training has been proven to be more effective for altering body composition than ‘cardio’ (aerobic exercise).

Here’s why…

  • Muscle tissue plays a major role in our metabolism; the more muscle tissue we have, the more calories (and fat!) we can burn.
  • Strength training, when done correctly, increases our lean body mass (amount of muscle tissue) while simultaneously decreasing our body fat percentage.
  • Along with the benefits during a workout, strength training also has the ability to keep your metabolism elevated after a workout. Therefore allowing you to continue to burn fat while you aren’t exercising.
  • Comparatively, during aerobic exercise (long distance running/walking, cycling, etc.) we burn through our fat stores and muscle tissue, as well as losing water weight from sweat. So although we are “losing weight” from cardio, we are also sacrificing muscle tissue.
    • Also, aerobic exercise does not show the same post-exercise effects on metabolism as strength training.
  • Strength training increases the activity and effectiveness of hormones that control our metabolism and body composition.

Strength Training

  • Train the whole body about 3x a week, with rest days in between
  • Beginner lifters should select weights that they can lift for 2-3 sets of 12-15 reps. More experienced lifters can try heavier weights for 3 sets of 6-8 reps
  • Only rest for about 1 minute or less between sets; try to alternate sets of lower-body and upper-body exercises in order to keep the intensity of the workout high while allowing parts of our body to recover.
  • Periodically increase the weights and variety of your exercises so that your muscles are constantly being challenged.


Points to Remember

  • Because we are increasing our muscle tissue, strength training may initially result in weight gain. However, though the number on the scale is increasing, our body fat percentage will decrease and physical fitness will improve.
  • Cardio is still important for improving ones fitness, cardiovascular and respiratory health and should be
    included in weekly exercise schedules. It is just not as effective for altering body composition as strength training.
  • Diet must be monitored– Keep in mind that nutrition goes hand-in-hand with weight loss and changes in body composition. In regards to strength training, it is important to consume a sufficient amount of protein daily in order to build and recover muscle tissue.
  • Rest days- We must give our muscles time to recover from exercise to prevent prolonged muscle soreness, decrease the chance of injury, and ensure the effectiveness of our next workout.

 

By David McCalla

Sports Spotlight: Strength Training for Sprinters

In the third part of our Summer Sports Spotlight, we focus on strength training! This is a last of our three part series on how to increase your sprinting mechanics and get faster. If you are interested in checking out our other articles, check them out here!

Single Leg Squats vs. Bilateral Squats
Let’s look at the differences between the traditional squat and the single leg squat. The traditional bilateral back squat allows you to push a heavy amount of weight, more weight than you can on a single leg. This will help you recruit more muscle fibers to build up your lower body strength. During a back squat the weight is often centered through the heels to ensure the posterior chain is being recruited. Posterior chain recruitment is important to increase the strength of your glutes and hamstrings. Your glutes are primarily involved in hip extension, the key to any running performance.

What makes single leg squat training more effective than traditional squatting if I can’t lift as much each rep?

Well if each leg can lift 135 lbs each leg you’ve actually outdone your bilateral squat by 20 lbs! This is called the bilateral force deficit; in short it means you can lift more by adding the weight of each leg than you can by using both legs together. When looking at the transfer-ability of each squat position, it’s easy to see that single leg squats will directly correlate to your sprinting performance.

First off, a sprint only occurs with one foot on the ground at a time, so mirroring this in training will help strengthen the body unilaterally. This is even essential in correcting muscle imbalances that may be holding back your potential. Second, observe the increased tibial angle in the single leg squater. During a sprint the weight of each step should be focused through your mid-foot, this allows for maximal propulsion through the ground.

Although a mix of both can be good for variety, you can try switching your focus to single leg training. Here are some other single leg exercises that you can incorporate:

  • Single Leg Romanian Deadlifts
    • Great of developing balance and hamstring recruitment
  • Weighted Step Ups
    • Great for unilateral hip and knee extension
  • Single Leg Glute Bridges
    • Add a weight to the hips to add extra difficulty towards your hip extension

By Dave Albaranes

Summer Fun Outdoor Workouts

When it’s beautiful outside, we know it’s hard to be inside at the gym. Your kids are off from school and you need a family activity. Summers are full of BBQs and weddings- you just don’t have the time to fit it all in. There are many reasons that you simply do not want to be indoors in the summer. We have some great outdoor activities where you can catch some sun rays, have some family bonding time, and of course, get those exercises in!

Beach Workout
One of the best places to workout on a summer day is the beach! Not only will you enjoy the beautiful scenery to keep you motivated and an ocean breeze to cool you off, but you also are getting a better workout. Sand creates for a greater workload for the muscles and a higher heart rate, which leads to a more effective training method.  The surface of the sand also puts less of a strain on your feet compared to pavement. So go play some beach volleyball, throw around that Frisbee with your friends, or simply walk along side the ocean.

Circuit Training in the Park
Ever walk around the park and see equipment scattered throughout? Many of our state parks have different equipment and devices to help you complete full circuit training. Not only is this a cost effective method to exercising without having to purchase any equipment at home, but you will also get a full body workout.

Aquatics & Swimming
While cooling off in the pool, why not burn some extra calories? Swimming is great for lower and upper body strength. Water exercises may help take the pressure off your joints and muscles. Since water is a natural resistant, it helps you workout those muscles. If you aren’t big on swimming you can try out some aquatics workouts, which include: arm circles, leg lifts, walking in the water, aqua jogging and flutter kicking.

Hiking
There are many types of hiking trails that you can choose from depending on the distance you choose, type of scenery, and difficulty level. Whether it is your first time hiking or you have done it before be sure to layer your clothes, pack plenty of water, and put on sunscreen.

Walking
Every step counts so get as many in as you can! Whether it is walking to complete your errands, visiting a friend or simply enjoying a nice walk around town- walking may be one of the simplest exercises you can do. Walking can help you maintain a healthy weight and can also prevent or manage various conditions, including: heart disease, high blood pressure and diabetes.

 

By David Daoud

Sports Spotlight: Improving Your Sprint Performance

Here is the second part of our Summer Sports Spotlight! This is a three part series on how to increase your sprinting mechanics and get faster.

Improve your sprinting technique

Without ever lifting a weight, it is possible to get faster just be learning to be more efficient! Here are some common aspects of running that get overlooked, along with some techniques to improve them!

  • Strike the ground at the mid foot. By making a heel-to-toe contact as you run you aren’t optimally utilizing your ground striking mechanics!
  • Keep your shoulders relaxed and avoid from shrugging
  • Keep a symmetrical rhythm between your arms and legs and be sure your arms aren’t crossing over your body.

Increase your overall strength

  • The stronger you are, the more force you’ll be able to produce into the ground. This force will be generated from your type two muscle fibers rather than your type one fibers and understanding the differences between these two fibers is the key to ensure you’re training properly.
  • Type one muscle fibers are used to maintain exercise and activity for a long duration of time, which means their ability to generate short term maximal power is limited while type two fibers are explosive and meant to generate a high amount of power for a single rep or a short duration.
  • The best way to grow these type two fibers are to make sure they’re being trained against resistance. Look at the picture to the right and ask yourself, “Which of these two athletes lift in their program?” The answer should be obvious. By using weights at a high enough resistance to build strength (thus leading to increased type II fiber size) he is placing his muscles under the similar demands of generating maximal force into the ground.
  • Although it may seem counter-intuitive to hit the weight room instead of the track to get better at running, you need to have a balance of both. Adding in weight training to your running program could be the key to breaking out of your plateau!

 

Improve your triple extension

  • Triple extension is the simultaneous extension of your ankles, knees, and hips.
  • Improving your explosiveness through this position will let you move faster by improving your stride frequency, this is the amount of times you complete a full stride cycle during your run. The main difference between sub-elite and elite athletes is stride frequency, meaning it’s more beneficial to take frequent steps rather than taking just longer steps.
  • Olympic lifts are exercises that are specific to improving triple extension and are designed to improve explosiveness. These exercises involve total body movement performed as quickly as possible. Note that in frame one and two of the picture (featured left) the athlete has performed a hang clean by moving into triple extension to drive to bar off the floor.

 

Talk to one of our certified strength and conditioning specialists if you feel incorporating Olympic lifts and improving triple extension would take your game to the next level.

 

By Dave Albaranes

Why the Crunch is Going Out of Style

Low back pain affects up to 80% of adults at some point during their life. Exercise can be used to help alleviate and cure the pain by making improving our core strength, however, not all core exercises were created equal. The crunch is often a common solution people arrive at to gain strength through their midsection. Unfortunately the crunch can be ineffective or even exacerbate your problem.

The core was meant to resist motion, not produce it. That also means the core was meant to be trained resisting motion! This brings us to neutral spine exercises. Flexing and extending the spine under load puts a lot of pressure against your discs and can produce shear forces that compromise your spine’s integrity. These exercises don’t put your back into the difficult ranges of motion that can cause aggravation . If you’ve been feeling back pain or want to prevent it from occurring, try throwing these moves into your core workouts.

Pallof Press

The Pallof Press exercise involves pressing a cable or resistance band away from you while keeping the handle at the center of your chest. The goal of the exercise is to keep your arms in line with the center of your body and resist turning in towards the direction of the weight. This makes the Pallof Press an anti-rotation exercise. As you move the weight further from the mid-line of your body, the exercise becomes increasingly difficult. Holding the exercise when the arms are at full extension will force you to brace your core! Be sure to switch sides to get the same effect on both sides of your core.

The Plank & Plank Variations

The plank is an exercise that works through the front of your core to resist extension. Keeping your body in line is the key to ensuring your back stays in a neutral position while you work to hold yourself up against gravity. There are many variations of this move as well to target different muscles! If you’re working on your plank already, try mixing up your routine with side planks and BOSU planks!
The Suitcase Carry

The suitcase carry is performed simply by holding a kettle bell (or any weight) in one arm while you keep your torso upright. This exercise works each side of your core by having you resist flexing to the side of the weight. This exercise is the ultimate trunk stability workout. As you walk with the weight your midsection is simultaneously bracing and coordinating to stay stabilized. Find an appropriate weight that challenges your posture and get walking!

 

By Dave Albaranes

 

Anatomy of the Elbow & Shoulder for Baseball Players (Part 2 of 3)

In our previous article, we discussed the importance of stretching and strengthening the hand. (Didn’t see it? You can read it right here!) However, there is more to the upper extremity than just our hand and forearm; it is also important for baseball players to stretch and strengthen their elbow and shoulder joints.

Moving up the chain, we will discuss the muscles that cause flexion (bending) and extension (straightening) of the arm at the elbow joint. Baseball players tend to focus on the triceps (muscles located on the back of the arm) because it is involved in the extension of the elbow, which as we know happens when you throw a ball. The concept that most people forget is balance in the body. Every joint in the body has muscles that allow for movement to happen. If we have muscles which extend the arm, we have muscles to bend the arm as well. The biceps’ action is to flex the arm (think when someone says “make a muscle”). This muscle needs to be able to stretch very quickly when the ball is thrown and needs to be strong enough to handle the force that the triceps are putting on the elbow joint to help with elbow health. Strengthening both the triceps and biceps, as well as, stretching these muscles can contribute to increased velocity, distance, endurance, and overall health of elbow and shoulder.

The third portion of the upper extremity is the shoulder. Most baseball players know the importance of a proper warm up because it helps to loosen up the shoulder joint. But starting at the fingers and moving up the arm to the shoulder will allow for the muscles to warm up and strengthen in a functional way. (Remember our post about the hand from January 19?) Just like the other joints, you want to strengthen the opposing muscle groups; however, the shoulder joint is a little more complex. Since the shoulder has a larger range of motion than the elbow, it requires more muscles to create the movement. Strengthening the shoulder properly in all ranges is important for increased performance and joint health. Stretching the shoulder is vital because of how aggressive the movement of throwing is. Muscles are contacting and relaxing so quickly, that if not properly warmed up it is very easy for an injury to occur in any part of the chain if not moving properly.

 

 

By Corynne Pereira

Hand Strengthening & Stretching for Baseball Players (or Anyone!)

In the baseball off-season, it is important for athletes (of any sport) to take care of any injuries that need to be rehabilitated and continue following a strength
training program. However, one thing most baseball players might neglect to work on is mobility. Not only shoulder mobility, but trunk, hip, wrist and finger mobility. Mobility and stability go hand and hand. By increasing mobility along with strength, you have the ability to increase the velocity of a throw, distance of a throw, and arm endurance for throwing. As your strength training continues, mobility exercises and stretches should be integrated on a daily basis. Strengthening distal (fingers) to proximal (shoulder) can enhance elbow and shoulder health.

Strengthening the whole body is important for all sports. When we say entire body, we mean even your fingers. As a baseball player your hands are doing work every time you catch, throw or hit a baseball. Grip strength and flexibility of each finger is important. By properly strengthening the hand muscles, research findings show that you can help prevent UCL injuries. Strengthening and stretching of the fingers, wrists and forearms is something that may seem insignificant, but it can give you that edge which might be missing. Our hands have muscles, tendons and ligaments just like every other part of our body, so why not take care of them?

Many people use hand grips to work on the strength of their hands, but every finger needs to be strengthened. Most of the times, when using the grips we tend to not use all of our fingers equally. Yes some fingers are stronger than others in certain positions, but it is important to focus on each one and the coordination of specific movements. By starting strength training at the hand (distal), it carries up the chair to strengthen the whole arm. Some of the movements we see in our hand come from muscles in our forearm. In fact, when you see your hand go from palm down to palm up (supination), the rotation is occurring from the elbow. Our muscles are overlapping all over our bodies and you might not realize how many muscles you are using to do movements every day. After working on the strength in your hands, wrists and forearms, and the muscles are warm we want to switch the focus to the flexibility of those muscles. Flexibility for split finger fast ball and fork ball are very important, as is finger strength for any pitch. Just s you would stretch the muscles out in your legs our arms, you need to stretch the muscles in your hands and forearms.

 

By Corynne Pereira

Maximizing the Leg Press

One strength training exercise that is frequently done incorrectly is the leg press. Here are a few mistakes and how to fix them to maximize your efforts!

1. One common mistake is bringing the feet too close together (pictured bottom left). The feet should be shoulder-width apart in order to relieve less stress from your knees. With your feet shoulder-width apart you should push the weight through your heels, do not push through your toes. This will ensure you are not putting any more strain on the knee joint.

2. Do not allow your knees to hyperextend! (Pictured top left). When you lock out your knees completely on the leg press you are putting pressure on the ligaments in your knees and leaving them vulnerable. We want to keep the muscles in our legs engaged throughout the whole exercise. Instead, keep a soft bend in the knees as you extend your legs.

3. Place your feet at the proper height. Ideally your legs should be parallel to the ground (pictured right). If you place your feet too high on the foot pad you end up shifting attention to your glutes instead. However placing your knees too low on the leg press will cause extra stress on your knees because the weight shifts to your toes.

Overall in order to get the most out of the leg press exercise make sure that your feet are at the proper height, shoulder-width apart and maintain a soft bend in your knees when you straighten your legs. Happy exercising!