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Sports Injury Prevention Essentials

When playing a sport, training, or even performing everyday physical activities, you are unfortunately at risk of suffering an injury. Many times these injuries are accidents that can’t be predicted or prevented. But there are a couple things you can do to protect yourself from some common causes of injuries.

Warm-Up

  • A warm up is used to activate muscles groups before a bout of exercise, game, or activity.
    • Walk, jog, dynamic stretches (trunk twists, leg swings, shoulder circles etc)
  • “Cold” muscles are tight and have a great chance for being strained. Warm ups should increase your heart rate and increase blood flow to muscles (therefore warming them up).
  • Pre-activation exercises are a great way to target specific muscles groups in order to prepare them for a certain activity.
  • You either target the exact muscles that are going to be exercise or their antagonists (group of muscles that perform the opposite function).
    • Some examples of pre-activation exercises are:
      • Band resisted hip exercises before a leg work out
      • Band resisted ankle exercises before a run
      • Machine Rows (for your back muscles) before you do bench press

Stretching and Foam Rolling

  • Stretching and foam rolling can be performed either at the beginning or end of an exercise/activity
  • Both can relieve tension built up in muscles and decrease stress on joints
  • Foam rolling can be used to release trigger points in muscles to allow for better contractions and decrease the chance of any muscle damage during exercise.
    • Dynamic stretches before a workout, static stretches at the end
    • Foam roll your IT band and quads before a lower body exercise

During a Workout

  • It is very important to perform every exercise with the proper form and through the entire range of motion (as tolerated). The more strict and controlled you are with each movement, the less opportunity there is for injury.
  •  Completing the exercise through its full range of motion effectively strengthens entire muscles and leads to better mobility (ability to control muscle through entire range of motion).
    • Knees shouldn’t come over your toes and heels should stay down during a squat.
    • Bring your chest all the way to the ground before pressing all the way back up on a pushup in order to train through the full range of motion.

Don’t forget to finish with a cool down! A proper cool down should:

  • Bring your heart rate back down to normal levels
  • Prevent muscles from tightening up following an exercise
  • Better prepare you for your next workout!

 

By David McCalla, CSCS

Warming Up for Recreational Sports

March Madness is here and spring is right around the corner! Baseball has started Spring Training and the weather is starting to get nicer as the days get longer. For all of the avid basketball fans and recreational players, it’s exciting to watch the college basketball season come to a close. Many of us don’t do as much physical activities in the winter as we do when the weather starts to get warmer. We all can reminisce on the “good old days” when we were able to just go for a run or play a sport without warming up. However, the more time you’ve spent away from an activity should mean more time that you spend on a quality warm up and cool down. This is important to help prevent injuries and ensure you’re feeling great for the next days.

Taking 5-10 minutes to go through some light stretching and dynamic movements is important for your well-being. Here’s an example of a simple warm up you can do before most physical activities:

1) Light Jogging ~3-5 minutes

2) Walking Quad stretch (kick your heels up to your butt while stepping forward)

3) Frankenstein’s (lightly kicking leg straight in front while walking forward)

4) Lunge with Reach (step forward with one leg then bend both knees to 90 degrees and lift arms to the sky)

5) Side Lunges (with toes facing forward, step sideways bending one leg while keeping the other straight then step to the other side)

There are many different warm ups and ways to make it more for your activity. Your Exercise Physiologist can develop a specific program for you. Remember the goal of a warm up is to get your body ready for the activities it will soon be doing. Increasing your heart rate and increasing blood flow to skeletal muscles will decrease your chance for injuries during sports. Most importantly, have fun out there and be safe!

 

Corynne Pereira

Sports Spotlight: Strength Training for Sprinters

In the third part of our Summer Sports Spotlight, we focus on strength training! This is a last of our three part series on how to increase your sprinting mechanics and get faster. If you are interested in checking out our other articles, check them out here!

Single Leg Squats vs. Bilateral Squats
Let’s look at the differences between the traditional squat and the single leg squat. The traditional bilateral back squat allows you to push a heavy amount of weight, more weight than you can on a single leg. This will help you recruit more muscle fibers to build up your lower body strength. During a back squat the weight is often centered through the heels to ensure the posterior chain is being recruited. Posterior chain recruitment is important to increase the strength of your glutes and hamstrings. Your glutes are primarily involved in hip extension, the key to any running performance.

What makes single leg squat training more effective than traditional squatting if I can’t lift as much each rep?

Well if each leg can lift 135 lbs each leg you’ve actually outdone your bilateral squat by 20 lbs! This is called the bilateral force deficit; in short it means you can lift more by adding the weight of each leg than you can by using both legs together. When looking at the transfer-ability of each squat position, it’s easy to see that single leg squats will directly correlate to your sprinting performance.

First off, a sprint only occurs with one foot on the ground at a time, so mirroring this in training will help strengthen the body unilaterally. This is even essential in correcting muscle imbalances that may be holding back your potential. Second, observe the increased tibial angle in the single leg squater. During a sprint the weight of each step should be focused through your mid-foot, this allows for maximal propulsion through the ground.

Although a mix of both can be good for variety, you can try switching your focus to single leg training. Here are some other single leg exercises that you can incorporate:

  • Single Leg Romanian Deadlifts
    • Great of developing balance and hamstring recruitment
  • Weighted Step Ups
    • Great for unilateral hip and knee extension
  • Single Leg Glute Bridges
    • Add a weight to the hips to add extra difficulty towards your hip extension

By Dave Albaranes

Sports Spotlight: Improving Your Sprint Performance

Here is the second part of our Summer Sports Spotlight! This is a three part series on how to increase your sprinting mechanics and get faster.

Improve your sprinting technique

Without ever lifting a weight, it is possible to get faster just be learning to be more efficient! Here are some common aspects of running that get overlooked, along with some techniques to improve them!

  • Strike the ground at the mid foot. By making a heel-to-toe contact as you run you aren’t optimally utilizing your ground striking mechanics!
  • Keep your shoulders relaxed and avoid from shrugging
  • Keep a symmetrical rhythm between your arms and legs and be sure your arms aren’t crossing over your body.

Increase your overall strength

  • The stronger you are, the more force you’ll be able to produce into the ground. This force will be generated from your type two muscle fibers rather than your type one fibers and understanding the differences between these two fibers is the key to ensure you’re training properly.
  • Type one muscle fibers are used to maintain exercise and activity for a long duration of time, which means their ability to generate short term maximal power is limited while type two fibers are explosive and meant to generate a high amount of power for a single rep or a short duration.
  • The best way to grow these type two fibers are to make sure they’re being trained against resistance. Look at the picture to the right and ask yourself, “Which of these two athletes lift in their program?” The answer should be obvious. By using weights at a high enough resistance to build strength (thus leading to increased type II fiber size) he is placing his muscles under the similar demands of generating maximal force into the ground.
  • Although it may seem counter-intuitive to hit the weight room instead of the track to get better at running, you need to have a balance of both. Adding in weight training to your running program could be the key to breaking out of your plateau!

 

Improve your triple extension

  • Triple extension is the simultaneous extension of your ankles, knees, and hips.
  • Improving your explosiveness through this position will let you move faster by improving your stride frequency, this is the amount of times you complete a full stride cycle during your run. The main difference between sub-elite and elite athletes is stride frequency, meaning it’s more beneficial to take frequent steps rather than taking just longer steps.
  • Olympic lifts are exercises that are specific to improving triple extension and are designed to improve explosiveness. These exercises involve total body movement performed as quickly as possible. Note that in frame one and two of the picture (featured left) the athlete has performed a hang clean by moving into triple extension to drive to bar off the floor.

 

Talk to one of our certified strength and conditioning specialists if you feel incorporating Olympic lifts and improving triple extension would take your game to the next level.

 

By Dave Albaranes

Sports Spotlight: Warm Up Drills for Sprinting

With the summer upon us, many athletes are taking the advantage of the weather to train outside. For athletes working on improving their linear speed, this is the best time of the year to get out on the track. This is a three part series on how to increase your sprinting mechanics and get faster!

We’ll start with technique! Before you even work on your explosiveness or lift a weight, lets ensure you’re correctly doing everything you can to get the most out of your mechanics. Here are 3 warm-up drills to help improve efficiency in your speed workouts.

Warm-up Drills

A-skips

 

  • A-skips are high knee kicks with reciprocal arm movement.
  • They get your hip flexors warmed up so they will be prepared to fire fast when you need them too.
  • It helps teach how to coordinate raising the opposite arm to your lead leg.
  • Moving through this position quickly will help improve your explosiveness. (More on this in my next article on triple extension)

 

B-skips

  • B skips are A-skips followed with a full knee extension out.
  • B skips emphasize keeping the foot strike in the proper position.
  • Accelerating your feet to the ground helps ensure you can translate the drill into your actual sprint.

 

 

Wall Sprints

  • By keeping yourself at a 45 degree angle (what’s called your power line) against the wall, you put yourself in the best position for acceleration.
  • By holding power line and working different marching techniques you can train your sprinting mechanics without going anywhere!
  • Be sure to keep your hip drive high, your shin at a 45 degree angle, and your toes up!

 

 

Check in with Peak’s strength and conditioning specialists to learn these warm-up drills and have your sprinting form critiqued! Throwing these in your warm-up will help you fire your running specific muscles and keep you injury free by improving your technique. To help you further cut your sprint times down, check out my next upcoming article on improving your explosiveness by increasing your triple extension!

 

By Dave Albaranes

Sports Specific Training

Woman running for sport

Want To Take Your Game To The Next Level?

At Peak Performance, our Exercise Physiologists, Strength & Conditioning Specialists will design an individual routine based upon our initial assessment and the physiological demands of your sport.

Our goal is to prepare athletes for the upcoming season and the seasons beyond. Young athletes begin by learning how to train. Older, more experienced athletes learn to train like an elite athlete.

The workout consists of strength training and conditioning with a strong focus on proper technique. With one-on-one training, you as an athlete will progress to achieve the next tier of athletic performance.

Call us at (516) 548-7443 to schedule your Free Assessment and get started with one of our Exercise Physiologists today!

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Training Overview

All Packages Include:

  • Screening of Imbalances and Weaknesses
  • Sports Specific Testing
  • Personalized Training Program
  • Instruction on Proper Lifting Techniques
  • Injury Prevention Exercises
  • Educate Athletes on Body Movement
  • V02 Max Testing or RMR Testing
  • College Portfolio of Abilities
  • Results!!!

Athletic Components

Speed / Agility:

Accelerations, Deceleration, Linear and Lateral Movement Techniques, Running Mechanics, Footwork.

Strength / Conditioning:

Olympic Lifting, Plyometrics, Medicine Ball Exercises, Jumping and Landing, Game Ready Preparations for all Athletes.

Injury Reduction / Education:

Identify and Correct Muscular Imbalances, Balance & Stabilization, Stretching/Flexibility Program, Nutritional Counseling.

Bring A Friend and Get A Discount: Small Group and Team Training Available – Contact Us For More Information.

Call us at (516) 548-7443 to schedule your Free Assessment and get started with one of our Exercise Physiologists today!

ACL Rehab

Please note results may vary for individual Peak Performance Fitness members.

Recipe of the Week: Pumpkin Spice Superhero Muffins

“Superhero Muffins” are a staple from the cookbook Run Fast, Eat Slow written by elite runner, Shalane Flanagan, and chef & nutrition coach, Elyse Kopecky. This week, Shalane announced her retirement from professional running; so to celebrate her career, we are sharing this fall ready version of their famous muffins. (Learn more about Shalane here!)

Since it is Turkey Trot Training season here at Peak Performance, this week’s recipe is ready to fuel your body for a long training run on a Saturday morning (or Sunday if that’s your preference).

Makes 1 dozen

Ingredients:

  • 2 cups almond meal
  • 1 1/2 cups old-fashioned rolled oats
  • 1 tablespoon pumpkin pie spice
  • 1 teaspoon baking soda
  • 1/2 teaspoon salt
  • 3 eggs
  • 1 1/2 cups pumpkin puree
  • 6 tablespoons butter, melted
  • 1/2 cup pure maple syrup
  • 1 teaspoon vanilla extract
  • 1/2 cup raisins, walnuts or chocolate chips (optional)

Directions:

  1. Preheat oven to 350 degrees. Line a 12-cup standard muffin tin with paper muffin cups.
  2. In a large mixing bowl, stir together the almond meal, oats, pumpkin pie spice, baking soda and salt.
  3. In a smaller bowl, whisk together the eggs, pumpkin puree, butter, maple syrup and vanilla.
  4. Add the wet ingredients to the dry ingredients and stir until completely combined. If using raisins or chocolate chips, fold them in.
  5. Scoop the batter evenly into the muffin cups, filling them to the top.
  6. Bake for 32-35 minutes, until cooked through in the center and browned on top.

 

 

Recipe adapted from “Run Fast. Cook Fast. Eat Slow.” by Shalane Flanagan and Elyse Kopecky.

Improving Game Speed & Performance

When working with athletes, speed and agility are training essentials, along with strength. However, it is common to mistake the difference between speed, agility and acceleration. The National Academy of Sport Medicine (NASM) refers to speed as the ability to move one’s body in one direction as fast as possible and acceleration is how quickly an individual can reach their top speed from a non-moving position. Agility is the ability to accelerate, decelerate, and quickly change directions while maintaining proper posture. It is incredibly important, when training athletes, to consider what planes of movement they will be using during the course of a game, tournament or outing. Increasing speed, agility and acceleration can be a daunting task for trainers, but understanding the difference between the 3 and knowing drills to supplement each aspect will allow athletes to reach new heights.

Speed is a quality, essential to most sports. Some sports are more reliant on it than others and sometimes, it can even determine the success of one athlete over another. But, how exactly do we train for speed?

Increasing speed initially revolves around the idea of “perfecting” running technique. Arm action drills can increase coordination between our upper and lower halves, while wall-drills teach the athlete to achieve triple extension. In tandem, these rudiments provide the base for producing the most power per step and ability to cycle when at top speed. Squats, heavy sled drags, and isometric/eccentric hamstring exercises, etc. attribute to muscular development in the groups essential to speed development. Increasing muscular development and being able to “shut-off” the muscles that are antagonistic when sprinting will result in a faster athlete. Lastly, it is necessary to get out and sprint, using proper technique. Filming or using apps like Hudl are great ways to critique and help identify breaks in form.

While speed sometimes steals the spotlight, agility can turn the tides for an athlete in most sports. Athletes are required to move laterally (side-to-side) in order to defend, make quick cuts to evade defenders, or sometimes full turn into a sprint to track down a ball. Whatever situation an athlete finds themselves in, being able to quickly perform any movement at any time will give them a competitive advantage. Training to improve agility has a similar pattern to training for speed. Agility is based around motor control and proper positioning of the body. Agility also heavily features deceleration, so being able to reposition the feet to create better angles for absorbing and then producing force will make a significant difference. The main strength component for agility is a strong core. Most movements will require the upper and lower halves of the body coordinating movements. Thus a strong core will allow for the ability to dynamically stabilize and distribute force within the body more effectively.

Athletes can have natural speed and strength, but even the fastest and strongest need to be able to control their movements as scenarios change game-to-game, play-to-play. Training should emphasize developing technique, gaining overall strength and putting practice into real scenarios. After all, as Mike Robertson says, “games are won in tight spaces.”

 

By Julian C. Lee