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Dressing For Cold Weather Exercise

Fall is here and so is Turkey Trot season! November means the cooler weather is coming and it’s important to make sure you are dressed appropriately for outdoor exercise. Whether you are running, walking, biking, or hiking, staying warm is important to keep yourself healthy. The temperature may only feel cool now, but there is potential for it to be cold for that Turkey Trot race. Now is the time to make sure you have appropriate attire for when those chilly days arrive. Use these tips to help yourself stay warm and dry this winter!

  1. Warm-up before you start your walk/run. Perform a dynamic warm-up before starting exercise. Not only will this increase your body temperature This will help keep your body comfortable before starting your workout.
  2. Dress like it is a little warmer than it actually is. You may be cold before you get started, but once you start moving, your body’s temperature will rise. This will help you stay comfortable during exercise.
  3. Layers. You can always take something off if you get too warm. Start at the bottom- make sure your base layer is moisture wicking material. Add a long sleeve, hoodie, or vest to keep your core warm.
  4. Moisture-wicking clothes, often called “Dri Fit,” these are your best bet. They pull the sweat away from your skin to help you stay comfortable. This is important as you stop exercise, too, because that soaked cotton t-shirt will quickly become a cold, wet shirt.
  5. Don’t forget your extremities! A hat to keep in the heat. Gloves for your fingers. Sunglasses to block the wind. If you become too warm, take them off. But is better to have warm hands than frozen fingers.

 

By Louise Mills-Strasser

 

Exercise and the Aging Population

The best and most important time to exercise is in our later years.  Although you may not have the same amount of energy as you did when you were 25, beginning a regular exercise program can have you feeling younger, healthier, and happier.

Unfortunately, we undergo many physiological changes as a result of aging.  These changes include increases in fat mass, decreases in muscle mass, weaker cardiac output (reduced blood flow, stiffening of blood vessels, slower heart rate), lower bone density, and slower reflexes.  Although these occurrences are inevitable, a combination of cardiovascular, balance, flexibility and resistance training can slow down these adverse processes.

The first and most important type of training that can improve many of these aspects, as well as, lower our overall chances of mortality is cardiovascular (endurance) training.  Cardio training can be performed on various modalities, which include bike riding, rowing, walking, jogging, elliptical, arm ergometer, and other activities such as recreational sports and dancing.  Endurance training on a regular basis has been found to improve our overall cardiac output, lower our LDL cholesterol and blood-glucose levels, reduce fat mass, and improve lung function among many other aspects of our health.

Evidence backing improved cardiac output can be observed in a research study performed at the gerontological research institute.  This study was conducted to find the effects of a 4-month endurance training program on older adults.  The results of this experiment illustrate the significant benefits of exercise training on the overall cardiac output of a group of older adults. Exercisers trained three times weekly for 40 minutes on a cycle ergometer (5-minute warm up, 30 minutes at training heart rate (THR), 5-minute cool down). Target heart rate was set at 70% of peak heart rate attained on a maximal exercise test.  At the end of the experiment, the exercise group improved their aerobic capacity by 8.5% compared to the control group (no exercise) whose aerobic performance decreased (Posner).

Resistance training, otherwise known as strength training, has been found to improve bone density at any age and increase muscle mass.  Combining a strength training program with a balance training program has been found to prevent falls in the elderly.  According to a study done in New Zealand, a six month strength and balance program showed a significant change in the number of falls among two groups of senior citizens.  This is an important finding, because in many cases falls lead to long-term inactivity, which in turn increases the rate of mortality (Campbell).

By Anthony Locast

 

Sources

Campbell, A. John, et al. “Randomised controlled trial of a general practice programme of home based exercise to prevent falls in elderly women.” Bmj 315.7115 (1997): 1065-1069.

Posner, Joel D., et al. “Low to moderate intensity endurance training in healthy older adults: physiological responses after four months.” Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 40.1 (1992): 1-7.

Fall Prevention in Autumn

As the leaves begin to change, Team Peak dedicates its time and resources to Fall Prevention Awareness month. There are a number of Fall Prevention Programs available, including the ones here at Peak Fitness and Physical Therapy! Before you ask about or programs, here are some helpful tips to get you started.

  • Research shows that fall risk is increased by things such as age, weakness, confusion and unsteady movement. Luckily, that same research also shows that if we pay particular attention to these risk factors, our fall risk decreases. A consistent exercise program will not only help keep you on your feet, it will help keep you healthy and strong (Rubenstein, 2006).
  • Wear the appropriate footwear. Consider the changing weather as a cue to ditch the unstable sandals and opt for some better fitting sneakers. This is especially important if you are going to be doing activities like raking leaves, picking pumpkins, etc.
  • Get a balance assessment. Ideally, we can start an intervention before a fall incident Get your eyes, ears, strength, mobility and gait assessed by a qualified professional to help set you up for success (Moylan, Binder, 2007).

 

By Matt Rhodes

 

References:
Moylan and Binder, 2007. Falls in older adults: risk assessment, management and prevention. American Journal of Medicine 120(6).

Rubenstein, EF, 2006. Falls in older people: epidemiology, risk factors and strategies for prevention. Journal of Aging 35.

 

 

 

Recipe of the Week: One Pot Pumpkin Chili

Prep Time: 10 minutes
Total Time: 35 minutes
Servings: 8

Ingredients

  • 1 lb grass fed ground beef
  • 1/2 lb organic ground pork or turkey, or all beef if preferred
  • 1/2 tbsp coconut oil to brown the meat
  • 1 medium onion diced
  • 1 large green pepper diced
  • 3 cloves garlic minced
  • 1/2-3/4 tsp sea salt adjust to taste, plus some to sprinkle on meat
  • 1 28 oz can crushed tomatoes
  • 1 14.5 oz can diced tomatoes not drained, no salt added
  • 1 15 oz can pumpkin puree
  • 2 tsp ancho chili powder
  • 3/4 tsp smoked paprika
  • 1/4 tsp chipotle chili powder
  • 1 tsp cumin
  • 1 1/2 tsp pumpkin pie spice
  • Chopped fresh cilantro for garnish if desired

Instructions

Stovetop directions:

  1. Heat a large deep skillet or Dutch oven over medium high heat and add coconut oil. Add the beef and pork, breaking up clumps to evenly brown. Once 2/3 done, drain fat (leave a bit) and add onions and peppers. Stir and continue to cook 2 minutes or until beef is browned and onions and pepper start to soften. Do not drain any more fat. Add garlic, stir, and cook another minute.
  2. Lower the heat and add the crushed tomatoes, diced tomatoes, pumpkin, 1/2 tsp salt and all spices. Stir to combine well, then raise heat to bring to a boil. Once bubbling, lower heat to a slow simmer, cover, and allow to simmer for at least 15 minutes (and up to 45) to thicken and combine flavors. The flavor will only get better the longer this chili simmers, which makes it great for leftovers too.
  3. Garnish with cilantro and avocado if desired and serve.

Slow cook directions:

  1. Brown the beef and cook the onions, peppers and garlic as directed, then transfer to your slow cooker and add remaining ingredients. Cook on low for 4 hours.

Calories: 218
Fat: 15g
Carbohydrates: 3g
Protein: 15g
 

Original recipe from Paleo Running Momma can be found here!

Recipe of the Week: Stuffed Acorn Squash

Makes 2 servings!

Ingredients:

  • 1 acorn squash
  • 1 pound grass-fed, organic ground beef (ground turkey would work, too)
  • 1 chopped onion
  • 1 finely-chopped apple
  • ½ cup chopped cranberries (fresh, not dried)
  • ¼ cup chopped pecans
  • 1 tsp thyme
  • 1 tsp oregano
  • ½ tsp sage
  • unrefined coconut oil
  • salt, pepper

Directions:

  1. Preheat the oven to ~400 degrees.
  2. Cut the acorn squash in half, and scoop out the seeds and strings.
  3. Place the squash cut side up in a large baking pan, and put a tablespoon of water into each “cup”, and pour ¼ cup of water into the bottom of the pan.
  4. Loosely “tent” the pan with aluminum foil, and bake for 30-35 minutes.
  5. While squash is baking, chop the onion, apple, pecans and cranberries.
  6. Saute the beef and onion in a little coconut oil for 2-3 minutes, then add pecans, cranberries, and herbs. Add salt and pepper. Do not completely cook this mixture.
  7. Pull squash out of the oven, spoon the mixture into the “cups” (heaped to overflowing is okay).
  8. Bake uncovered for another 15-20 minutes.

 

Original recipe from Whole 30 can be found here!

 Weight Loss and Joint Health

The joints of the body are junctions that connect bones. Their main functions allow us to bear weight, and give us the ability to move. Because of these functions, joints are constantly under stress and eventually begin to deteriorate; and for those who are obese or even slightly overweight, the stress on joints is even greater which can accelerate joint deterioration.

The joints that take the brunt of the effects are the weight-bearing joints, like our hips and our knees. The more weight we carry, the more stress that goes through these joints, therefore incurring more damage. For each pound of excess weight, there is about 4 pounds of pressure exerted on the knees. So an individual who is 20 pounds overweight, has about 80 pounds of extra pressure going through their knees! If you then factor in all the steps you take, and stairs you climb etc., you can imagine the amount of stress those weight-bearing joints are receiving.

If you are already suffering from severe joint damage (osteoarthritis), and are at the point where you need or recently had joint replacement surgery, it is still important to monitor your body weight! Losing weight before surgery can lessen the chance of complications during the operation, as well as help cut down recovery time after the surgery is complete. Losing weight after the operation can also aid in a quicker recovery and also reduce the risk of damage to the artificial joint.

So how do we save our joints?

Start today by making healthy choices to reduce body weight. Proper nutrition in conjunction with exercise can aid in weight loss and reduce stress on joints. Weight training will strengthen the muscles and bones around those weight- bearing joints. The better the ability of our muscles to control our weight through movement, the less stress our joints will have to endure.

 

By David McCalla

The Effects of Exercise on Psychological Well-Being

Cardiovascular Training (aka “cardio” or “endurance training) refers to positively stressing the heart muscle by elevating our heart rate through prolonged, repetitive activity.  This form of activity yields a long list of benefits ranging from improved blood flow throughout the body, lowered cholesterol, decreased chances of certain cancers (breast, colon), increased lung capacity, and weight loss.  Most professional organizations recommend performing this activity for at least 3 or more days out of the week for at least 20-30 minutes of a moderate intensity in order to receive the best benefits.
Understanding that cardio does not have to come in the form of treadmill running or cycling is a key element.  Recreational sports, golfing, walking, and even long-term yard work can all yield similar benefits if performed for a longer period of time.  Many people have heard of the aforementioned pros of cardio but forget about the psychological effects.  Especially for those whom wish to lose weight but are struggling to stay motivated and start a weight-loss program, it is important to note that cardiovascular training can improve a person’s general well-being, mood, anxiety levels, and self-concept.

A few research studies have been done over recent years which provide evidence of the psychological benefits of CV training.  A 15-week study was performed on 35 overweight or mildly obese women to test the effects of brisk walking for 45 minutes, 5 days/week on certain psychological aspects.  The results of this study showed a significant improvement in general well-being, energy levels, and lowered anxiety in the group that performed cardiovascular training versus the group that performed no exercise at all (Cramer, et al).

Another study that was conducted in recent years involving the effects of physical activity on weight loss and mental health received results which pointed to physical activity being the reason for mental health improvements and elevations in mood, not specifically cardiovascular fitness.  Not only did these subjects lose a significant percentage of body fat due to various forms of physical activity, but their mental health improved as well (Thirlaway, et al).

Therefore, the take home message would be that it may not necessarily matter how fit someone is in order to lose weight and improve their mental state of being.  Regardless of the success you are having with your weight-loss regimen, performing cardio or any form of physical activity has been linked to an improved state of mind.  With a healthier mental state/mood, we as humans are more likely to continue to be active, and the more activity we perform the better chances of shedding pounds.

 

By Anthony Locast

Cramer, Sylvia R., David C. Nieman, and Jerry W. Lee. “The effects of moderate exercise training on psychological well-being and mood state in women.” Journal of Psychosomatic Research 35.4 (1991): 437-449.

Thirlaway, Kathryn, and David Benton. “Participation in physical activity and cardiovascular fitness have different effects on mental health and mood.” Journal of psychosomatic research 36.7 (1992): 657-665.

Recipe of the Week: Confetti Corn

Total:30 min
Prep:15 min
Cook:15 min
Yield:6 servings

Ingredients

  • 2 tablespoons good olive oil
  • 1/2 cup chopped red onion
  • 1 small orange bell pepper, 1/2-inch diced
  • 1 tablespoon unsalted butter
  • Kernels cut from 5 ears yellow or white corn (4 cups)
  • 1 1/2 teaspoons kosher salt
  • 1 teaspoon freshly ground black pepper
  • 2 tablespoons julienned fresh basil, minced fresh chives, and/or minced fresh parsley leaves

Directions

  1. Heat the olive oil over medium heat in a large saute pan. Add the onion and saute for 5 minutes, until the onion is soft. Stir in the bell pepper and saute for 2 more minutes.
  2. Add the butter to the pan and allow it to melt. Over medium heat, add the corn, salt, and pepper and cook, stirring occasionally, for 5 to 7 minutes, until the corn just loses its starchiness. Season to taste, gently stir in the basil or other green herbs, and serve hot.

 

Original recipe from The Food Network can be found here!